New Testament Epistle circa AD 53-55
Introduction

About 1 Corinthians

The cross of Christ is the power and wisdom of God that exposes all human boasting - every problem in the Corinthian church traced back to forgetting the crucified Christ.

UnityLoveSpiritual GiftsResurrection

Written

circa AD 53-55

Author

Paul

Genre

Epistle

Position

7th NT book - Paul's Letters

Authorship

The Apostle Paul, written from Ephesus during his third missionary journey. He founded the Corinthian church on his second journey (Acts 18) and wrote this letter in response to troubling reports and questions from the congregation.

Historical Context

Corinth was the most cosmopolitan city in Greece - a wealthy port city known for sexual immorality, religious pluralism, and philosophical debate. The church reflected its culture: divided by personalities, tolerant of immorality, confused about spiritual gifts and the resurrection.

Purpose

To address divisions, correct immorality, clarify confusion about food offered to idols, marriage, spiritual gifts, and resurrection - and to call the church back to the gospel as the foundation of all Christian life.

Key Message

The cross of Christ is the power and wisdom of God that exposes all human boasting - every problem in the Corinthian church traced back to forgetting the crucified Christ.

Book Structure

1
Divisions and the Wisdom of the Cross Ch. 1-4
2
Immorality, Lawsuits, and Sexual Ethics Ch. 5-7
3
Food Offered to Idols and Liberty Ch. 8-10
4
Worship, Spiritual Gifts, and Love Ch. 11-14
5
The Resurrection: Foundation of Everything Ch. 15

Interesting Facts

1

1 Corinthians 13 - the love chapter - is the most requested passage at Christian weddings worldwide.

2

1 Corinthians 15 - the resurrection chapter - contains the earliest creedal statement about the resurrection (15:3-5), within 25 years of the event.

3

Paul mentions the Lord's Supper in 1 Corinthians 11 in the earliest written account of the institution - predating the Gospels.

4

The spiritual gifts passage (chs. 12-14) has been debated and practiced in radically different ways across 2,000 years of church history.

Old Testament Connections

Isaiah 64:4 - What no eye has seen, nor ear heard (1 Cor 2:9) draws on Isaiah's vision of God's future
Numbers 11, Exodus 32 - Paul uses the wilderness generation's failures as warnings for the Corinthians (1 Cor 10)

New Testament Connections

2 Corinthians - Written after 1 Corinthians and addressing some of the same ongoing issues
Ephesians 4 - Develops the spiritual gifts theology of 1 Corinthians 12 in a more unified direction