New Testament Epistle / Personal Letter circa AD 85-100
Introduction

About 3 John

True Christian leadership serves others generously; the one who loves to be first will find himself last - imitate good, not evil.

HospitalityLeadershipTruthSupport

Written

circa AD 85-100

Author

John

Genre

Epistle / Personal Letter

Position

25th NT book - Johannine Letters

Authorship

The Apostle John (identified as the elder), written to an individual named Gaius - a mature believer who showed hospitality to traveling missionaries.

Historical Context

A church leader named Diotrephes was rejecting John's authority, refusing hospitality to the missionaries, and expelling those who helped them.

Purpose

To commend Gaius for his faithful hospitality to traveling missionaries, to condemn Diotrephes's self-serving leadership, and to recommend Demetrius.

Key Message

True Christian leadership serves others generously; the one who loves to be first will find himself last - imitate good, not evil.

Book Structure

1
Commendation of Gaius v. 1-8
2
Condemnation of Diotrephes v. 9-11
3
Recommendation of Demetrius and Farewell v. 12-15

Interesting Facts

1

3 John is one of only two NT books that never explicitly mention Jesus by name (the other is 2 John).

2

Diotrephes is the only named church leader in the NT who is condemned - a cautionary portrait of self-serving leadership.

3

The letter hints at a wider conflict over apostolic authority in the early church that we otherwise know little about.

Old Testament Connections

Proverbs 16:18 - Pride goes before destruction is the principle Diotrephes illustrates

New Testament Connections

2 John - Both letters deal with issues of hospitality, truth, and false teaching
1 John 2:19 - The schism in the Johannine community provides background to 3 John's leadership conflict