New Testament Epistle / Theological circa AD 60-62
Introduction

About Ephesians

In Christ, God is creating a new unified humanity - and the church, filled with the Spirit, is meant to display the wisdom of God to the watching universe.

ChurchUnitySpiritual WarfareGrace

Written

circa AD 60-62

Author

Paul

Genre

Epistle / Theological

Position

10th NT book - Paul's Letters (Prison Letters)

Authorship

The Apostle Paul, written from prison (possibly Rome, Acts 28). Some manuscripts lack 'in Ephesus' in 1:1, suggesting it may have been a circular letter to multiple churches in the region.

Historical Context

Paul spent three years in Ephesus - more than anywhere else - and the church there was mature. This letter addresses the cosmic dimensions of the gospel and the unity of Jew and Gentile in the one new humanity Christ creates.

Purpose

To articulate the full sweep of God's eternal purpose in Christ - uniting all things in Christ, creating one new humanity, and equipping the church to live out this calling in every sphere of life.

Key Message

In Christ, God is creating a new unified humanity - and the church, filled with the Spirit, is meant to display the wisdom of God to the watching universe.

Book Structure

1
The Gospel: God's Eternal Purpose in Christ Ch. 1-3
2
The Life: Walking Worthy of the Calling Ch. 4-6

Interesting Facts

1

Ephesians 2:8-9 - By grace you have been saved through faith - is the clearest single statement of salvation by grace in Paul.

2

The armor of God (Eph 6:10-18) is one of the most preached metaphors in Christian history.

3

Ephesians 1 contains one of the longest sentences in Greek literature - verses 3-14 are a single sentence in Greek.

4

Ephesians 5:25 - Husbands, love your wives as Christ loved the church - set an entirely new standard for marriage in the ancient world.

Old Testament Connections

Psalm 68:18 - He ascended on high and gave gifts to people is applied to the ascended Christ in Eph 4:8
Isaiah 57:19 - Peace to those far and those near is applied to Gentile and Jewish believers in Eph 2:17

New Testament Connections

Colossians - Almost identical themes; often studied together as parallel prison letters
1 Peter 2:9 - The royal priesthood echoes Ephesians' high ecclesiology