New Testament Epistle / Wisdom circa AD 45-49
Introduction

About James

Do not merely listen to the word - do what it says. Genuine faith always produces genuine works; faith without works is a corpse - it is dead.

Practical FaithWisdomTrialsGood Works

Written

circa AD 45-49

Author

James

Genre

Epistle / Wisdom

Position

20th NT book - General Letters

Authorship

James, the brother of Jesus (not the apostle), who led the Jerusalem church. He was known as James the Just for his extraordinary piety. Martyred in AD 62.

Historical Context

Written to Jewish Christians scattered throughout the Roman Empire, probably before the Jerusalem Council of AD 49 - making it possibly the earliest NT letter.

Purpose

To provide intensely practical wisdom for daily Christian life - showing that genuine faith is evidenced by its fruit: in trials, in the tongue, in treatment of the poor, in prayer, and in doing the word.

Key Message

Do not merely listen to the word - do what it says. Genuine faith always produces genuine works; faith without works is a corpse - it is dead.

Book Structure

1
Trials, Temptation, and Hearing the Word Ch. 1
2
Favoritism and Faith Without Works Ch. 2
3
The Tongue, Wisdom, and Conflict Ch. 3-4
4
Warnings to the Rich and Prayer for the Sick Ch. 5

Interesting Facts

1

James 1:2-4 - Consider it pure joy, my brothers, when you face trials - is one of the most counterintuitive commands in the NT.

2

James 2:26 - Faith without deeds is dead - has been set against Romans/Galatians since Luther, but they address complementary concerns.

3

The book of James has more commands per verse than any other NT letter - 54 imperatives in 108 verses.

4

James 3's description of the tongue is one of the most vivid and convicting passages about the power of words in all of Scripture.

5

James 5:14-15 - the anointing of the sick with oil and prayer - is the basis for the practice of unction in many Christian traditions.

Old Testament Connections

Proverbs - James is the NT equivalent of Proverbs; both are practical wisdom literature
Leviticus 19:18 - Love your neighbor as yourself is cited in James 2:8 as the royal law

New Testament Connections

Romans 4 - James 2 and Romans 4 address the same Abraham passage (Gen 15:6) from complementary angles
Matthew 5-7 - James has more parallels to the Sermon on the Mount than any other NT letter