Old Testament Prophecy Unknown; circa 835-400 BC (estimates vary widely)
Introduction

About Joel

The Day of the LORD is both terrifying judgment for the unrepentant and glorious restoration for those who call on his name - respond now before it is too late.

Day of the LordJudgmentSpiritRestoration

Written

Unknown; circa 835-400 BC (estimates vary widely)

Author

Joel

Genre

Prophecy

Position

29th of 66 books - Minor Prophets

Authorship

Joel son of Pethuel. Beyond his name and father's name, nothing is known about Joel. The book's precise historical setting is debated, with scholars placing it anywhere from the 9th to 4th centuries BC.

Historical Context

A devastating locust plague provided the immediate backdrop for Joel's prophecy. The plague was interpreted as a foretaste of the coming Day of the LORD - the ultimate divine judgment and renewal.

Purpose

To interpret a natural disaster as a divine warning and call the nation to genuine repentance, promising restoration and a future outpouring of God's Spirit on all people.

Key Message

The Day of the LORD is both terrifying judgment for the unrepentant and glorious restoration for those who call on his name - respond now before it is too late.

Book Structure

1
The Locust Plague as a Call to Lament Ch. 1
2
The Day of the LORD: Threat and Promise Ch. 2
3
God's Spirit Poured Out and Final Judgment Ch. 3

Interesting Facts

1

Joel 2:28-32 is the passage Peter quoted on Pentecost to explain the outpouring of the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:17-21).

2

The phrase Day of the LORD appears 5 times in Joel - more concentrated than in any other prophetic book.

3

Joel 2:13 - Rend your heart and not your garments - is one of the most powerful calls to genuine repentance in the OT.

4

The valley of decision in Joel 3:14 has become a famous metaphor for the urgency of spiritual response.

Old Testament Connections

Exodus 34:6 - Joel's call to return to gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger directly quotes Exodus
Isaiah 13 - Similar Day of the LORD cosmic language appears in Isaiah's oracle against Babylon

New Testament Connections

Acts 2:17-21 - Peter quotes Joel 2:28-32 in full as fulfilled by the Pentecost outpouring
Romans 10:13 - Everyone who calls on the name of the LORD will be saved quotes Joel 2:32
Revelation 6 - The cosmic signs of Joel 2 appear in the Revelation seal judgments