New Testament Gospel / Historical Biography circa AD 60-80
Introduction

About Luke

Jesus came to seek and save the lost - his mission of radical inclusion and reversal (lifting the lowly, humbling the proud) is God's own heart made visible in human form.

HumanityCompassionSalvationPrayer

Written

circa AD 60-80

Author

Luke

Genre

Gospel / Historical Biography

Position

3rd NT book - Third Gospel

Authorship

Luke, the physician (Col 4:14) and traveling companion of Paul. He is the only Gentile author in the NT. As a physician and careful historian, Luke carefully investigated everything from the beginning (1:3) - interviewing eyewitnesses.

Historical Context

Written for Theophilus - likely a Roman official or wealthy patron - and the broader Gentile world. Luke presents Jesus as the universal Savior whose mission to seek and save the lost crosses all social, ethnic, and gender boundaries.

Purpose

To provide an ordered, historically reliable account of Jesus's life and ministry - demonstrating that Jesus is the Savior of all people and that his gospel is for the outsiders, poor, women, and Gentiles.

Key Message

Jesus came to seek and save the lost - his mission of radical inclusion and reversal (lifting the lowly, humbling the proud) is God's own heart made visible in human form.

Book Structure

1
Birth Narratives: John and Jesus Ch. 1-2
2
Galilean Ministry: Announcement and Opposition Ch. 3-9
3
The Long Journey to Jerusalem Ch. 9:51-19:27
4
Jerusalem, Passion, and Resurrection Ch. 19:28-24

Interesting Facts

1

Luke contains material found in no other Gospel: the parables of the Good Samaritan, the Prodigal Son, the Rich Man and Lazarus, and Zacchaeus.

2

Luke has the most extensive birth narrative and is the only Gospel to include Jesus's childhood visit to the temple (2:41-52).

3

Luke mentions women as recipients of Jesus's ministry more than any other Gospel.

4

Luke and Acts together form a two-volume work - together the longest contribution to the NT by a single author.

5

The Year of the Lord's Favor theme (Luke 4:19) draws on the Jubilee legislation of Leviticus 25.

Old Testament Connections

Isaiah 61:1-2 - Quoted by Jesus at his inauguration in Nazareth (Luke 4:18)
1 Samuel 2 - Mary's Magnificat closely mirrors Hannah's prayer

New Testament Connections

Acts 1:1 - Acts is explicitly the sequel to Luke's Gospel
Hebrews 2:17 - Jesus as merciful high priest echoes Luke's compassion Christology